Prepare a case analysis of Case 1, Facebook vs. Twitter Essay

Set up a case investigation of Case 1, Facebook versus Twitter - Essay Example as a vitality source and mobilizing point for the association to the degree that it could make that specific company’s site more pertinent than other long range interpersonal communication destinations. Twitter’s mission peruses: â€Å"We need to right away associate individuals wherever to what’s generally imperative to them.† Whereas this statement of purpose is 80 characters in length Huffstetler (2011) contends that it need not be more than 40 on the grounds that the watchwords are four: in a split second, interface, all over and significant. Twitter’s statement of purpose is brief, simple to recollect and the association can identify with it. Anyway as we break down these four catchphrases we understand that the organization needs to include more exactness and lucidity with the goal that any individual who peruses it might have the option to recognize its center ability and furthermore have the option to recognize it from its rivals. The manner in which it will be it could without much of a stretch be mistaken for any of the different various long range informal communication locales. Of the four watchwords, we accept that the association distingui shes well with â€Å"connect†, â€Å"everywhere† and â€Å"important† yet it needs to re-consider the utilization of â€Å"instant†. Twitter’s constant quality is the thing that makes it unique in relation to different stages. This is Twitter’s serious edge. Google and Facebook, the significant adversaries have attempted to imitate this capacity ineffectively. The issue however is that in current technology’s vocabulary the word moment could infer speed or simplicity. Twitter in this manner needs to think about what to tradeoff among simplicity and speed and afterward utilize the chose decision to supplant the word moment on its statement of purpose. Then again, Facebook’s mission is to enable individuals to share and make the world progressively open and associated (Facebook, 2012). Utilizing Huffstetler (2011) methodology we depict the watchwords here as being: capacity to share, open and associated. â€Å"Open† and â€Å"connected† are qualities that are given by other long range interpersonal communication locales too including Twitter. The key differentiator for Facebook lies in the

Apparent Benefits Of Digital Mammography Health And Social Care Essay Free Essays

DM isolates the methods of picture securing, handling and show more than is conceivable with FM. In FM, the x-beam starting is turned on, vitality is changed over from the x-beam bar ( which has emanated through the tight chest ) into light by means of a phosphor screen, which so uncovered a troublesome transcript film, held inside the screen ( Carlton A ; Adler, 2006 ) . The film is handled synthetically and a picture is created. We will compose a custom paper test on Evident Benefits Of Digital Mammography Health And Social Care Essay or on the other hand any comparable subject just for you Request Now Computerized Mammography incorporates either registered skiagraphy ( CR ) or advanced skiagraphy ( DR ) . CR utilizes extremely comparative gear to mammography embraced through ordinary skiagraphy and includes a photostimulable phosphor command post tape based computerized skiagraphy framework, in which creative mind command posts are gone through a processing machine scanner that peruses and digitalises the picture ( Wang, Merlin, A ; Kreisz, 2009 ) . Every single other signifier of advanced mammography are called DR, where computerized x-beam indicators are utilized on the other hand of conventional photographic film. Both DR and CR are as often as possible utilized in an indicative scene, while DR is exceptionally fit to a demonstrating scene ( Wang, Merlin, A ; Kreisz, 2009 ) . A screening mammogram is performed routinely and blending to BreastScreen Australia, grown-up females more than 50 mature ages old require one each two mature ages. In contrast to film, the electric sign ( DM produces when the x-beam photons hit the computerized sensor ) is directly comparative with the quality of the x-beam bringing about a more extensive unique degree for advanced pictures ( 1000:1 ) than for motion pictures ( 40:1 ) ( Dershaw, D. 2006 ) . This likens to a higher complexity statement, which is curiously of import in imaging more youthful grown-up females who typically have substantial chests. In any case, another factor in picture quality, spacial announcement, is prevalent in FM. Since spacial announcement relies upon pixel size in DM and on the size of the grains in the emulsion on the screen in FM, spacial presentation is better improved in film ( Dershaw, D. 2006 ) . Spatial affirmation is of import in naming calcifications and other little qualities in the picture. Regardless of DM ‘s colossal post-handling capacities, FM has a more noteworthy truth of auxiliary lines recorded, or spacial statement, of a picture. Co uld the insufficiency in the spacial frequence in DM be defended by the propelled differentiate assertion? Both ( Kim, et al. , 2006 ) and Dershaw, D, ( 2006 ) found a few surveies which show that in spite of the confining lower spacial presentation of DM, perceivability of calcifications on DM is non fundamentally not quite the same as that on FM. In add-on, both Pisano, Gatsonis, A ; Hendrick, ( 2005 ) and Skaane, et al. , ( 2008 ) area DM ‘s far better differentiation assertion ( when looking at than FM ) is different in that during the preparing of DM, complexity can be improved in the nations that are substantial. In April 2004, Melbourne ‘s Peter MacCallum Cancer Center turned into the principal Australian site to offer advanced mammography ( DM ) ( Pun, Lau, Cassumbhoy, Taranto, A ; Pitman, 2007 ) . The figure of Digital Mammography units purchased all through Australia is quickly expanding and the traditional film-screen techniques for mammography are going out dated. Be that as it may, the hub revolution out of advanced mammography was close by because of promoting procedures by ventures ( Wang, Merlin, A ; Kreisz, 2009 ) . Both Wang, Merlin, A ; Kreisz ( 2009 ) and BreastScreen ( 2008 ) diagram the significant figure of mammograms taken every twelvemonth. Wang, Merlin, A ; Kreisz ( 2009 ) depicts the figure to be each piece high as 1.5 million mammography investigations embraced every twelvemonth through both appearing and diagnosing. BreastScreen Victoria is part of the free national chest harmful neoplastic malady testing plan for grown-up females, known as BreastScreen Australia. The Victorian arrangement was built up in 1992 and is mutually supported by the Victorian and Commonwealth Governments ( BreastScreen, 2008 ) . The arrangement administrations grown-up females younger than 50 and offers a free mammogram each two mature ages to test for chest harmful neoplastic malady. The Government has been subsidizing the computerized rising of BreastScreen Australia from 2006 and has just financed $ 120 million towards the national advancement ( Aging, 2010 ) . Be that as it may, Pisano E.D. , et al. , ( 2005 ) examines, using informations from The Digital Mammographic Imaging Screening Trail ( DMIST ) , the way that for grown-up females more than 50 mature ages old, there was no significant distinction in indicative truth among DM and FM. There is a lot of writing sing the effectivity of testing through DM in more seasoned grown-up females. As referenced prior, BreastScreen testing is pertinent for grown-up females beyond 50 years old, despite the fact that Pisano E.D. , et al. , ( 2005 ) discovered there was no significant contrast among DM and FM in grown-up females more than 50 mature ages old. Wang, Merlin, A ; Kreisz ( 2009 ) found there were points of interest of using FM over DM in ages more than 50 mature ages old on account of the chest forming. It is intriguing to more distant note in a later article by Pisano E.D. , et al. , ( 2008 ) , the essayist concurs that in more established grown-up females ‘film would in general execute better for grown-up females matured 65 mature ages or more established with greasy chests. ‘ Karssemeijer, et al. , ( 2009 ) portrays the matured chest as been less-thick furthermore conceded to FM to be the prevalent unit for chest threatening neoplastic malady testing i n ages more than 65. Tosteson, et al. , ( 2008 ) undauntedly settled ‘for grown-up females matured 65 mature ages or more seasoned, it appeared to be unlikely that DM testing offered a mensurable wellbeing advantage ‘ . Karssemeijer, et al. , ( 2009 ) incorporates by and by 48 percent of chest threatening neoplastic sicknesses happen in grown-up females more than 65 mature ages old hence it is of import the age bunch is imaged right. Both Wang, Merlin, A ; Kreisz ( 2009 ) and Tosteson, et al. , ( 2008 ) contend that comparative with FM, testing for chest harmful neoplastic ailment using DM is non cost-effective because of the substandard nature of imaging less-thick chests beyond 65 years old. Wang, Merlin, A ; Kreisz ( 2009 ) directed an Australian reappraisal that analyzed the financial estimation of DM in testing through BreastScreen Australia. Orchestrating to Siemens financial worth extensions for 2010, another MammoMat DR mammography unit will be up to AU $ 414 000, ( HCN, 2009 ) . A FM unit costs around $ 80 000, ( Wang, Merlin, A ; Kreisz, 2009 ) . Additional expenses for both FM and DM incorporate a film processor and roller seeing crowds ( FM ) and pressmans, delegate and a picture document awaying and conveying framework ( PACS ) gear ( DM ) , seeing that PACS can be of to $ 800 000 to set-up, ( Wang, Merlin, A ; Kreisz, 2009 ) . Wang, Merlin, A ; Kreisz ( 2009 ) determined the expenses of every DM and FM investigation: DM ( DR ) being $ 110.36 per patient and FM $ 73.95 per understanding. Wang, Merlin, A ; Kreisz ( 2009 ) clarifies that bigger areas can bear the cost of the section: ‘larger chest harmful neoplastic illness testing administrations might be better ready to ingest the financial effect of introducing DM than little Centers. ‘ Further estimate has surfaced sing the examination times in the progress from film-screen to computerized mammography signifiers. Not just is the expense exacerbated yet articles have other than been composed guaranteeing that numerous Radiologists may take more time to set to the modification in building, when contrasting the section with advanced general X beam ( Grady, 2008 ) . An author, Denise Grady detailed an expansion in review rates among grown-up females, who ‘were at long last found to hold nil erroneous. ‘ She asserts the activity is that radiotherapists, seting starting with one medium then onto the next and oftentimes holding to think about results between the two, may interpret pictures all the more mindfully and ‘play it safe ‘ by bespeaking additional X raies, ultrasounds, or biopsies ( Grady, 2008 ) . This entry from FM to DM is other than laid out by the interims taken perusing the mammogram: 5 proceedingss DM refrains 3 proceedingss FM for testing times and 24 proceedingss DM stanzas 15 proceedingss FM ( Wang, Merlin, A ; Kreisz, 2009 ) . Haygood, Wang, Lane, Galvan, A ; Atkinson, ( 2010 ) other than concur in the drawn-out utilization of DM. The article, contrasting DM and FM, discovered DM six-see pictures ( three projections of every chest ) could take in excess of multiple times longer than FM pictures to pass on the pictures up in fit-in show way, container through them and set alternator boards and obvious radiations. In any case, Thompson, D, ( 2006 ) legitimizes the drawn-out section due to the computerized utilization of the picture, pronouncing that all in all DM vows to better diagnosings and lead to prior mediation of chest threatening neoplastic infection. Existing writing to put current position Existing Australian writing on the cost-viability of trading from FM to DM is restricted in light of the fact that the main Australian site has just been detached for six mature ages. American research is taking the way in regards to the points of interest and limitations of DM. This is in all probability a direct result of the October 2008 figure of 43 percent American mammography centers holding in any event one DM machine ( Haygood, Wang, Lane, Galvan, A ; Atkinson, 2010 ) . Numerous articles have been written in the USA specifying the obvious preferences of DM: quick computerized picture procurement, prevalent difference improving, stockpiling and recovery limit, displayable in various configurations, ongoing perusing of mammograms at far off locales, tele-radiology and PC supported detecting gear is going progressively accessible. Notwithstanding the army advantages of DM, American articles have other than contended the expense of DM testing including surveies by Tosteson, et al . , ( 2008 ) and Pisano E.D. , et al. , ( 2008 ) . Back in Australia, mamm

that time of year

that time of year… its that time of year folks, the time of year that I dont even have the strength to capitalize properly no more (nor the energy to invest in proper grammar standardized english). Its the time of year (midterms, projects, psets galore!) that I kinda wish I was anywhere but here. Summer cannot get here fast enough. My brain is very fried. Theres only a couple things that have kept me going. And a big one is listening to this video on a loop: You are in the front yard of your aunts house.   You have many aunts. One of them is your fathers sister, Askale. The rest are her sisters, The Little Sisters of Jesus. Askale is a sister of that order. Why shouldnt it be that all her sisters are your aunts, too?   Theyve known you since you were small. Coming here is always a repreivea faint smell of cattle hide, grass, earth, flowers. Trees. Its both noisier and quieter than the city. Here, the sounds of birds and insects fill in where youre used to hearing cars, or horns, or construction. Its warm. Its sunny. You dont know when youll have the chance to be here again, thousands of miles away from where you normally live and go to school. You want to capture this moment, a very regular day, yet extraordinary all the same.   So you take out your phone and you start filming, just capturing the moment.   One of the aunties laughs at you. Are you taking a photo, a photo of me? she says. You just smile and follow a sound from the garden. Its the chickens, under a coffee tree, next to it, an avocado tree. It frames the solar water heater, metal being overtaken by grassits long been broken.   You turn back to the concrete houses and look up, up into the trees, to see if you can spot a lemur. There were so many there the last time you came.   When will you be here again? When will you have the time to feel like thiscalm, happy, patient, whole. Instead of thousands of miles away, your relatives live just down the dirt path, a short walk. The aunties are preparing the coffee ceremony. The cattle are grazing quietly. And everyone knows you here, greets you by your name, and your fathers name, and inevitably, his fathers name too.   Its midday, in Kafa.

How to Make Silver Polishing Dip

As silver oxidizes, it tends to tarnish. This layer of oxidation can be removed without polishing and scrubbing by simply dipping your silver in this non-toxic electrochemical dip. Another big advantage to using a dip is that the liquid can reach places that a polishing cloth cannot. This is an easy experiment and takes mere minutes! Silver Polish Ingredients Sink or glass panHot waterBaking sodaSaltAluminum foilTarnished silver How to Remove Silver Tarnish Line the bottom of the sink or a glass baking dish with a sheet of aluminum foil.Fill the foil-lined container with steaming hot water.Add salt (sodium chloride) and baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) to the water. Some recipes call for 2 teaspoons of baking soda and 1 teaspoon of salt, whereas others call for 2 tablespoons each of baking soda and salt. Theres really no need to measure the amounts precisely—just use a spoonful or two of each substance.Drop the silver items into the container so that they are touching each other and resting on the foil. Youll be able to watch as the tarnish disappears.You can leave heavily tarnished items in the solution for as long as five minutes, but otherwise, remove the silver when it appears clean.Rinse the silver with water and gently buff it dry with a soft towel.Ideally, you should store your silver in a low-humidity environment. Placing a container of activated charcoal or a piece of chalk in the storage area will minimize future tarnis h. Tips for Success Use care when polishing or dipping silver plated items. It is easy to wear away the thin outer layer of silver and cause more harm than good through over-cleaning.Minimize exposing your silver to substances that contain sulfur (e.g., mayonnaise, eggs, mustard, onions, latex, and wool) because sulfur causes corrosion.Using your silver flatware/holloware often and wearing silver jewelry helps to keep them free of tarnish.

The Bad Side of Mankato State Application Essay Topics

The Bad Side of Mankato State Application Essay Topics List the situations you love. Think carefully and you'll find what you have to have in your past. Select a distinctive topic that others may not think of, and whatever you select, make sure that you know a lot about it! You should make sure you're not wasting all sorts of area on the webpage with fluff that could be summarized in just a couple words. Choosing Mankato State Application Essay Topics Suggested essay topics are found within the on-line application. Reflective essay topics are rather popular, too. By good fortune, many entrance essay topics are quite comparable. Secondly, the subject of your admission essay is dependent on a university. Individual schools sometimes need supplemental essays. Writing the college application essay is a challenging gig. Students should stick with the typical personal essay format. Most students are below the impression an essay needs to be profound and written with lofty words to have any effect. Such essays help gauge the writer's capability to write on a particular topic in an engaging method. You need to try to follow evocative writing while completing this kind of essay. Writing college essays is among the most difficult facets of the college application procedure, and it's also among the most important. When you're writing a college admission essay, you should finish the just one paper. Even if you believe you know what you would like to write about, take a while to brainstorm prospective topics before proceeding. Find out which topic is most appropriate for the story you want to tell. The topics can fluctuate, but all of these are geared toward supplying the information about a student's potential. Topics like death and divorce are cautionary as they can be exceedingly hard to write about. Picture a tale you'd be interested in analysis. Writer's block is a nightmare of several professional authors, and not only students. If you locate an intriguing idea in your totally free writing text, but you're not certain about the topic yet, consider doing everything over again. Employing somebody else's topic (or their essay for this matter) is never a very good idea. Before beginning the application procedure, please read through the admissions requirements to make certain that all crucial requirements are met. Go to the Common Application website to download the frequent application that is accepted by most colleges. Before you're able to submit your application, you will need to gather your materials. Our application procedure is quick and simple. Graduate Certificate Creative Writing programs may be an excellent way to rapidly build your creative writing abilities and knowledge. Colleges wish to get to learn more about you. Scholarships are unavailable for spring , winter or summer provisions. Students may optionally opt to take part in the Learning Community Program. If you intend to take university courses but don't currently intend to make a degree at Iowa State University, you might apply as a nondegree student. Minnesota State Mankato is a university at which you can stick out. Consult with the Nondegree Admissions Web website. Mankato State Application Essay Topics Secrets That No One Else Knows About All campus email addresses are offered in the directory. While the Fall 2018 application won't be live until August 2017, we hope you are going to have the chance to think about your responses. If you've served or are serving in the military, you will have to submit the transfer application for admission and some extra information.

Political party in france Free Essays

General Introduction The Parties have become a major player In politics In the late nineteenth century. The functioning of political regimes is deeply committed to the existence of these political parties that did not exist in the eighteenth century and were still embryonic in the early nineteenth century. In the totalitarian, one-party organizing manipulation. We will write a custom essay sample on Political party in france or any similar topic only for you Order Now This explains the importance of parties in this type of regime. The importance of parties is also true In pluralist democracies because there Is a democratic competition : intention between political parties that compete for the conquest of Institutions and power. As the parties have a monopoly of electoral offer, they effectively control all elected offices, this means that the party has a virtual monopoly on the selection of leaders. For all these reasons, if we want to understand how liberal democracies work, one must understand how a political party works. What is a political party? A political party is an organized association that brings together citizens united by a common Ideology or philosophy, which she seeks fulfillment , with the goal of inquest and exercise of power. This Is an organization In the service of an Idea. The political environment is not the same everywhere. It may give a different country to another characteristic of a locality to another. These characteristics result in particular the diversity of political parties, but also systems of parties that are not uniform. In France, the role of political parties has been enshrined in the Constitution of 1 958 (art. 4), which since 1999 also gives their mission Is to promote equal access for women and men to electoral mandates and elective functions. Law f 11 March 1988 on the financing of political parties said they form and pursue their activities freely, they are endowed with legal personality and can take legal action. ) The French political system can often seem bewildering and difficult to f ollow. Compared to Britain or the ASSAI, France seems to have a plethora of political parties. Politicians, supposedly of the political right, may be heard defending positions more often held by political parties of the left in many other countries, and In recent French history, a good proportion of the economic liberation’s that has taken place In France has been pushed through by governments of the left. ‘-Type of political parties In a country, political parties are not all identical. Several factors can help to distinguish the number and quality of members, voting, discipline or schools of thought. Depending on each element, we will have several types of parties. The most common distinction In political science remains that which Is established by Maurice Diverge between Mass Party and Cadre Party. We must therefore distinguish different types of parties: A- The Cadre Party The Cadre Party was born in the nineteenth century. The Cadre Party it’s a parties they are parties of notables (resulting in a first time, the bourgeoisie or aristocracy) and traditionally are right or center. Example: the Radical Party in France. The first parties were historically Cadre Parties. It was Initially parliamentary groups together the reputation, prestige, and sometimes money. All these parties remain poorly structured. The authority is exercised within the party executive is both personal and decentralized. It normally operates at the district and national bodies cadre parties are little more than the Juxtaposition of local influences. B- The Mass Party The Mass Party was born in the early twentieth century with the development of Socialism and Communism. Their goal is the transformation of society and the creation of a new social order. For this, they rely on a structured and hierarchical organization and a large number of members and ensuring financial autonomy and supervision of party voters ; Example: the Socialist Party in France Unlike Cadre Parties, which are created spontaneously, Mass Parties were the result of a conscious . Notable party executives are reluctant to defend extreme positions, specially if they are contrary to their interest. These considerations explain the emergence in the late nineteenth century Mass Parties and the fact that the first of them were socialist parties. Two objectives necessitate the creation of a Mass Party: compensation by the number of low social influence of the proletariat and educational purposes. The operation of the Mass Party rigorously apply democratic principles. Members are similar to the electorate. They elect delegates to the congress who meet regularly and take the most important decisions: adoption and amendment of the statutes, election management bodies. How to cite Political party in france, Papers

Odaiba Japan Future Casino free essay sample

The location of our targeted integrated resort plan is Odaiba, the largest artificial island as well as modern city island for tourist attraction in Tokyo bay, Japan. The reason that we choose Japan is the prediction coincides with a new survey which reports that Japan has the potential to become Asia’s second biggest casino market. The intension of using casino at the main proposed location is regarded Odaiba 30. 6% and followed by Okinawa, 24. 5% and etc. Appendix 1), The head of gaming research for Merrill Lynch in Asia Sean Monahan estimates that the value of a license to operate in Japan could break records for the biggest amount ever paid to open a land-based casino. Monahan said it worth to $10bn to operate casino in Tokyo. The name of our resort will regard â€Å"Odaiba sand resort†. The type of resort will be urban casino base on survey which was established in Japan and (58%) people are interest visiting (Appendix 2). We will write a custom essay sample on Odaiba Japan Future Casino or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page (Hakuhodo’s Casino Entertainment project, 2006) Odaiba are easy access by expressway, airport service coaches, public transport and the privately operated sub way and taxi. The two expressway lines access Odaiba to enter from central Tokyo crossing the Rainbow Bridge. Average temperature in Tokyo bay is 16 °C (61 °F), August being the hottest and January the coldest. Theres about 20 °C difference between summer and winter. Odaiba have four distinct seasons, mild spring and fall, hot summer, and winter with a few snowfalls. (Appendix 3) March to May, or late September to November would be the right season in terms of climate, with mild temperatures and less rainfalls.

Tips for breaking through the barrier - Emphasis

Tips for breaking through the barrier Tips for breaking through the barrier You probably have something in common with everyone else whos ever had writers block: you eventually got going. The problem is, that may well have been because your report was due first thing the next morning and the alternative was the Job Centre. But imagine if something other than blind necessity could break through that wall of fear. If only there was something you could do to stop yourself spending the entire night before the deadline writing in a cold sweat and submitting something substandard. There is, says Emphasis CEO Rob Ashton. The key is to make the act of writing seem less threatening. In the writing process there comes a tipping point where the pain of not doing it outweighs the perceived pain of doing it, says Rob. The key to overcoming writers block is to bring forward that point to now, rather than midnight before its due in. Try these strategies to help you break through the barrier and youll be finished before you know it. Trick yourself Its actually possible for one part of your brain to fool another that it isnt afraid, according to Mark Forster, author of Do It Tomorrow and Other Secrets of Time Management. Forster suggests using the technique of telling yourself, Im not really going to write the [piece in question] now, Ill just and fill in the blank with an easy beginning task. For example: Ill just launch Microsoft Word, or Ill just get the research folder out. This simple act can be a breakthrough. Once youve taken that first action, you will have got over the initial step, says Forster. You may well find that you are hardly even aware that you are moving on to take some additional action. Map it out Facing down a whole unwritten document may be sending chills down your back, but the process of getting on with it can easily be broken down into non-threatening actions. One of these drawing a mind map is also a useful tool to make sure youve covered every who, what, when, where and how. Know your reader The best writing knows its audience, and realising how much you do know about your reader is a great motivational tool as well as helping you to write a document that will do its job. Filling in a reader profile questionnaire is another safe as well as highly effective place to start. Work in bursts When breaking through the block, youll feel less overwhelmed if you know youre going to stop at a certain point. Set a timer with an alarm for a short period of solid work, followed by a few minutes break, then a slightly longer stretch of work and so on. The more stressed you feel about the task, the shorter each burst of work should be. Gradually increase the work time between breaks until you reach your optimal length of time generally this will be no more than about 40 minutes. Stopping at the alarm even in mid-sentence may actually give you the urge to return to your writing. The mind craves completion and will want to get back to the task, says Forster. This helps you to build up a strong momentum. Listen to the Audio Tips interview with Rob Ashton here. And find out whats going on in our heads when writers block strikes here.

Comments for Ruby Code (Usage, Single, and Multi-Line)

Comments for Ruby Code (Usage, Single, and Multi-Line) Comments in your Ruby code are notes and annotations meant to be read by other programmers. The comments themselves are ignored by the Ruby interpreter, so the text inside the comments isnt subject to any restrictions. Its usually good form to put comments before classes and methods as well any piece of code that may be complex or unclear. Using Comments Effectively Comments should be used to give background information or annotate difficult code. Notes that simply say what the next line of straightforward code does are not only obvious but also add clutter to the file. Its important to take care not to use too many comments and to be sure the comments made in the file are meaningful and helpful to other programmers. The Shebang Youll notice that all Ruby programs start with a comment that begins with #!. This is called a shebang and is used on Linux, Unix and OS X systems. When you execute a Ruby script, the shell (such as bash on Linux or OS X) will look for a shebang at the first line of the file. The shell will then use the shebang to find the Ruby interpreter and run the script. The preferred Ruby shebang is #!/usr/bin/env ruby, though you may also see #!/usr/bin/ruby or #!/usr/local/bin/ruby. Single-Line Comments The Ruby single-line comment begins with the # character and ends at the end of the line. Any characters from the # character to the end of the line are completely ignored by the Ruby interpreter. The # character doesnt necessarily have to occur at the beginning of  the line; it can occur anywhere. The following example illustrates a few uses of comments. #!/usr/bin/env ruby # This line is ignored by the Ruby interpreter # This method prints the sum of its arguments def sum(a,b)   Ã‚  puts ab end sum(10,20) # Print the sum of 10 and 20 Multi-Line Comments Though often forgotten by many Ruby programmers, Ruby does have multi-line comments. A multi-line comment begins with the begin token and ends with the end token. These tokens should start at the beginning of the line and be the only thing on the line. Anything between these two tokens is ignored by the Ruby interpreter. #!/usr/bin/env ruby begin Between begin and end, any number of lines may be written. All of these lines are ignored by the Ruby interpreter. end puts Hello world! In this example, the code would execute as Hello world!

Envision a business you would like to own that would employ at least Research Paper

Envision a business you would like to own that would employ at least 20 people (either manufacturing or services) but I want it - Research Paper Example 44). The operations strategy of my business involves the use of low inventory levels as this will help to keep the prices low thus generating faster sales because of the low prices and the high value of the products. Furthermore, keeping of low levels of inventory will help to ensure that the business will be able to keep the prices low for the customers. This will help to maintain the existing customers and attract new customers as well. The use of low inventories will help to ensure that products are replaced with new items as soon as the inventory is exhausted and as a result this will increase the demand of the products. Increased demand, coupled with low prices, will lead to increased sales for a company and therefore this will in turn lead to increased profits for my business (Slack, & Lewis 2008) Supply chain management Supply chain management involves the active management of supply chain activities so as to ensure that customer value is maximized and a sustainable competitiv e advantage is achieved. Supply chain activities involve product development, product and material sourcing, production, logistics and the necessary information systems that help to coordinate these activities. Efficient supply chain management strategy will ensure that the print business is exposed to several opportunities that will provide competitive advantages. Examples of the competitive advantages that will be achieved include lower product costs for the materials that have been produced, reduced carrying costs in relation to the inventory because of the fact that no inventory will be kept, improved in store value and selection due to the different materials that will be produced, and finally a very competitive pricing for the customers. This therefore will work to ensure that the print business will become a dominant force to reckon with and to ensure that the focus is maintained on innovative processes and systems which work to improve the supply chain and achieve greater ef ficiency (Mentzer 2001). The key elements of a supply chain include structuring, sourcing, purchasing, and managing. The supply chain will begin with structuring and this usually involves the creation of the organization and forming together with recruiting members into the organization that are able and willing to take the business to a higher level. The staff that has been recruited will then allocated to different sections of the business for instance in my print business; sourcing manager will be recruited who will help to source for materials, purchasing managers who will ensure that the required materials are purchased on time and finally managers will be involved with the overall management of the business. Sourcing as a component of supply management involves the process of sourcing for items to print from clients. This is done by the sourcing managers who will deal with souring for product suppliers and vendors and also procuring the products that are used on printing at pr ices and terms that ensure the profitability goals of the firm are met (Mentzer 2001). Purchasing element in the supply chain will involve determining the products that the business requires and then procuring them from the client at a favorable price. The other element in the supply chain is the managing element. This usually focuses on demand planning,

Please either agree or disagree with the student Js idea below and Article

Please either agree or disagree with the student Js idea below and support your disagreement or agreement with supporting sources - Article Example It gives a platform for self-evaluation and a basis from which nurses can call for sound work environments that sustain the delivery of competent, compassionate, ethical, and safe care (Guido, 2006). I consent with student J that nursing values and responsibilities ethically, require nurses to be answerable for their practice and account for their actions. Nurses are also expected to preserve dignity by recognizing and respecting the inherent worth of every person. They are expected to respect and promote informed decision-making by recognizing, respecting, and promoting an individual’s right to be informed and make decision. Another value that a nurse is expected to portray is the promotion of health and well-being by working with people so as to facilitate their attainment of highest possible level of well-being and health (American Nurses Association, 2009). Nurses are in a setting of access to health information of individuals. It is expected of them to maintain confidentiality and privacy by safeguarding community, family, and individual information obtained within the professional relationship context. I am of the same opinion with student J that nurses are expected to also provide competent, safe, compassionate, and ethical care. Lastly, nurses ought to uphold justice principles by safeguarding equity and fairness, human rights, and by the promotion of public good (Guido, 2006). In view of the above highlighted ethical responsibilities, I concur with student J that nurses have an enormous responsibility in delivering nursing care to patients safely and without prejudice or passing judgment. Nurses are also confronted with ethical dilemmas; in the case of Ruth, she declines her nursing duties to a homosexual AIDs patient, since according to her beliefs, homosexuality is sin and AIDs is a resulting punishment for homosexual activities. The patient desperately needs nursing care that would facilitate his well-being and health,

Should We Establish A Market For Human Organs?

Should We Establish A Market For Human Organs? There are a number of arguments with regards to organ commodification, which is the subject of hot debate. I will purposefully be limiting the scope of the argument to kidneys, as kidneys are paired organs that can be safely removed with minimal impact to the health of the donor. Although this topic is heavily related to philosophical and ethical issues, I would first like to discuss certain relevant aspects of background information with regards to a few simple and basic economic concepts, specifically related to supply and demand as it relates to the buying and selling of organs in an economic forum. The fact is that there are sick people who will die without transplants, and the number of organs available through donation, whether live donations from friends, relatives, or anonymous persons or donations through the harvest of organs from people who die, fall far short of the required number. This raises the question whether it is justifiable to provide financial incentives for org an donors to donate their kidneys in order to help narrow the gap between excess demand and shortage in supply. A variety of concerns and arguments have been raised regarding whether a legal market permitting the commodification of kidneys should exist. Many countries, including Singapore, still prohibit the sale of human organs. In the United States, the National Organ Transplant Act officially bans the selling of human organs. Would such a legal market encourage an increase in black market activities, as some individuals in dire need of organs might not be able to afford the price on the legal market? I will discuss the reasons why a legal market permitting the commodification of kidneys should exist. Some contend that allowing kidneys to be commodified would cheapen our humanity. I believe, however, that the intrinsic value of our humanity would not be cheapened even if we were to put a price tag on our organs, as such a price would only signify that we are trading kidneys at a s pecific rate. Finally, I will address some of the concerns that have been raised regarding commodifying other human organs and body parts, such as the heart, hair, and blood. I will conclude with the assertion that a legal market could mitigate the large number of black market activities that already exist, and that commodification would in no way devalue our humanity or our culture of liberty, but would rather place a greater value on freedom by demonstrating a respect for individuals rational choices regarding kidney donation. Introduction Before getting into the heart of the argument about whether there should be a legal system established for allowing commodification of organs, I would first like to draw on literature from Gill and Sade in order to address a few preliminary points. The pro-market argument we will be considering is a prima facie argument which, unless rebutted, would be sufficient to support the permissibility of the practice. On the other hand, the reason Im purposefully limiting the scope of the argument to kidneys is because the kidney is paired organ that can be safely removed with the minimal impact of the health of the donor. Here is a quick background behind the argument: It is that there are sick people who will die without a transplant and that the number that becomes available through donation either live or cadaveric fall far short of the numbers that are required. In many countries, thousands of candidates on organ transplant waiting lists die each year due to the lack of donor availability. According to the U.S. Department of Health Human Services, there are currently 86,445 people waiting for kidney transplantation, while only 7,000 people are available as kidney donors. This huge shortage of organs has led to a thriving black market trade in human organs, especially kidneys. People who advocate legalization believe that selling their organs might create a solution to the shortage; additionally, sellers make generous financial gains from the sale of organs. Therefore, a market solution, one where people are given a financial incentive to part with their organs, would procure more of them than a d onation-only scheme and narrow the gap between supply and demand. Because black market trade has become so widespread, some concerns and hot debates have been raised regarding whether there should be a legal market permitting the commodification of kidneys. Many countries, including Singapore, still prohibit the sale of human organs. In United States, the National Organ Transplant Act officially bans the selling of human organs. This essay will discuss why there should be a legal market permitting the commodification of kidneys. A legal market could mitigate the black market activities that already exist, and commodification would not devalue our humanity or our culture of liberty; rather, it would place a greater value on freedom by respecting individuals rational choices regarding kidney donation. According to Gill and Sade, the prima facie pro-market argument addresses two points: first, donation is permissible. It is, and ought to be legal for a living person to donate a kidney to someone else who needs one in order to survive. From its point of view, we actually dont just allow people to do this. However, we praise and encourage this. In Singapore, the government makes it harder than other countries not to donate. Citizens are presumed to be organ donors and have to opt out, rather than the reverse. In either case, though, donation is typically taken to be a case of saving a human life and morally unproblematic. It implies that it should be legal for a living person to decide to transfer one of his or her kidneys to someone else. Second, commodification of tissue is permissible, according to Gill and Sade. It is, and ought to be, legal for a living person to buy and/ or sell certain body tissues such as hair, sperm, eggs, blood products, etc. For instance, the Singapore Cord Blood Bank (SCBB) has facilitated over 40 cord blood transplants according to Cord Blood Bank of Singapore (for the SCBB, cord blood is donated but then sold to recipients, unless the recipient was also a donor). In other countries, though, people who give blood are financially compensated. Of course we would not typically praise people who sell their body tissue as we do people who donate it to save a life, but, at the same time, most people do not brand commercial blood banks as moral abominations, rather than an acceptable means of procuring a resource that is needed to save lives. It implies that it should be legal for a living person to decide to transfer part of his or her body to someone else for money. As a result, it thus seems i nitially plausible to hold that the two claims together imply that it should be legal for a living person to decide to transfer one of his or her kidneys to someone else for money. There are some responses, according to Gill and Sades literature, to the prima facie argument. First of all, the argument attempts to establish a moral difference between selling and donating. One thinks that commodification of body parts is wrong in itself because if one commodify oneself by selling oneself or part of oneself as a mere means which is as an object to be used, bought and sold for a price. It is thus disrespectful of ones humanity to treat oneself as a mere means as it cheapens us and takes away from the meaning and significance of humanity. Therefore, commodifying oneself violates a duty one has to oneself to respect what makes us morally significant creatures. Secondly, commodification of body parts leads to undesirable social consequences, according to Julia Mahoney. We would view others as commodities rather than as persons, according to Kass. We dont have to say that this is intrinsically wrong, but it would definitely affect the quality of social life. One may ar gue that legalizing kidney sales would promote an everything-is-for-sale mentality that will lead to the degeneration of civil society. It may make it more likely that we would legalize live-donor heart sales in the future, or it may promote a mindset where people are more commercial minded, and less generous, loving or friendly to each other. Thirdly, commodification of body parts unjustifiably infringes upon the freedom of certain people. As a result, some suggest that prohibiting commodification is necessary to protect certain liberties, according to Wolf. Criminalizing kidney sales infringes upon the freedom of potential buyers and sellers, but it protects the freedom of donors who have an interest in making pure gifts which to give something that cannot be bought (Lomasky, p. 252-255). The latter freedom is the more important one and infringing upon the freedom to buy and sell is necessary to protect it. However, according to Lomasky on sex, his argument is a reduction ad absur dum of the Titmuss-inspired argument against kidney sales. If prohibiting kidney [human tissue] sales is necessary to protect the freedom of someone who wants to make her kidney a pure gift, then prohibiting marriage is necessary to protect the freedom of someone who wants to engage in sex outside the context of any contractual format. However, this is a terrible reason to prohibit marriage obviously, so it must also be a terrible reason to prohibit a market in kidneys or even human tissues. Therefore, it evokes my deeper curiosity to take somewhat in-depth analysis about what justifies legalization for commodifying body parts, especially kidneys in this essay. Many people claim that the growth of black market activity is induced by financial incentives of kidney transplantation, but I would argue that an equal force driving the expansion of the black market is the lack of a legitimate market. Clearly, the current donation system is unable to meet overall demand. The countries with a huge shortage of kidneys that have outlawed commodification have inadvertently stimulated the growth of black market activities because there are always wealthy people who will strive to preserve their own lives even if it means exploiting the poor. For example, one recent headlined article from Singapore reads, Two Indonesian men who agreed to sell their kidneys for more than S$20,000 ($14,814 U.S. dollars) each were given light prison terms and fines after a judge blamed syndicates for exploiting them (Earth Times News). If a legal market were to be established, law enforcement would be better able to protect the poor from such exploitation. Kidney transplant ation would also be formally and properly regulated within a legitimate market, thereby protecting the sellers and guaranteeing the quality of the organs for the recipients. On the other hand, one of the most prominent concerns about legalizing the commodification of kidneys is that it would, in effect, evoke financial incentives. Thus there are some anti-market rebuttals that try to address why commodification of organs is not allowed. First of all, people argue that with the differences between the motive of the individual in selling a kidney and donating one. Sellers are motivated by financial incentives, self-interest, or the interests of their families if they sell in order to provide for their families. Donors are motivated by benevolence or altruism. However, I would argue that if self-interest was so bad then the commodification of, for instance, blood products would be ruled out. As a result, the self-interested motive does not rule commodification of other body parts. On the other hand, parting with a kidney is different than parting with blood. The latter is simple and quick while the former requires the risks of major surgery and living the r est of ones life with just one kidney. However, if kidney transplant was so dangerous because of its invasiveness, then donating them would be ruled out. Thus, these risks are not judged great enough to justify prohibiting donating kidneys. So, there are arguments about these differences which dont suggest the market for commodification of organs. However, these differences do not make any moral difference. If we oppose the sale of kidneys because we think it is too dangerous, then we should also oppose live kidney donations. On the contrary, we do not oppose live kidney donations because we realize that the risks are acceptably low and worth taking in order to save lives. So, it is inconsistent to oppose selling kidneys because of the possible dangers while at the same time endorsing donating kidneys is permissible. Similarly, if we oppose kidney sales because we think people should not commodify body parts, then we should also oppose commercial blood banks which I mentioned before. However, most people would not oppose the existence of commercial blood banks because they realize that these blood banks play an extraordinary role in saving lives. Therefore, it is also inconsistent to oppose selling kidneys since it involves payment while at the same time endorsing commodification of tissue is a permissible act. It seems that if people would ban the market for commodification of organs, they should also oppose the ideas either the donation of kidneys isnt permissible due to the risk attached to the surgery or commodification of other tissues isnt permissible. I think both of them are neither plausible nor have very wide support. Indeed, most nations are trying to encourage more donation as well as more supply in order to save more people. The failure to generate adequate supply is why market solutions are beginning to get more traction in certain countries including Singapore. In addition, it might still be fine to sell hair. One might argue that there is a moral difference to be made between hair on one hand and kidneys are blood products on the other hand. Obviously, people need blood and kidneys in order to live due to physical necessities, so one might say that it is only impermissible to sell human tissue that arent physical necessities. I, however, think that theres something wrong wit h the claim about commodifying stuff like that. In fact, legalizing commodification could itself convince people to participate in kidney transplantation. Because communitarians emphasize that individual rights and interests should be compatible with those of the community as a whole, they believe this could change societys moral sense. Thus, setting up a law to allow the commodification of kidney transplantation could lead people to believe that giving a kidney to others is not only moral but expected. Setting aside the communitarian perspective, poor people risk their own lives by giving up their kidneys in order to save anothers life, which is justified by their altruism, according to our class discussion. They are all rational people who are self-governed and able to weigh the risks of kidney donation against their own propensity toward altruism. Some poor people may attempt to receive compensation for their organ donation, thus blaming their decision on the financial incentives. However, they still had the option to make money in other ways. Even the current system of organ donation may contain a form of coercion in that a prospective donor may feel extremely uncomfortable refusing to donate his or her kidney to someone who is in such desperate need due to the vast shortage of donors. In the end, we should respect the decisions of individuals who make rational choices about kidney donation regardless of whether these choices are made with consideration of the financial incentiv es. Also, anti-commodification about kidneys cant be just a knee-jerk antipathy towards markets. We shouldnt spurn markets without stopping to think of how much markets in goods do for our general welfare. In other words, it would be improper to be anti-commodification about everything. Moreover, we should not spurn markets in the name of the poor and oppressed without stopping to think of how getting rid of these markets would affect the poor and oppressed. People do not sell spare kidneys or turn to prostitution for fun. They make such choices only when their alternatives are even worse. Therefore, it seems to me that rejecting commodification may be a luxury that not everyone can afford. There are also some arguments that claim that the commodification of kidneys would cheapen our humanity. I, however, think that the intrinsic value of our humanity would not be cheapened even if we put a price tag on our organs, for the price only signifies that we are trading kidneys at a specific rate. A price tag does not indicate the total value of a commodity. Rather, a price tag should be seen as an attempt to quantify some aspects of [the] usage (de Castro, 2003, p. 145) of somethings infinite value à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ No one would ever say that this method capture[s] the full value that we ascribe to human life (de Castro, 2003, p. 145). Such a method never aims to capture that infinite value (Julia Joseph). Thus, creating financial incentives to encourage people to sell their organs to the needy does not devalue humanity. Moreover, as I mentioned in the class discussion, we accept donors giving up their kidneys on the basis of altruistic motivations, so we should likewise not rule out the possibility that donors would like to give up their kidneys for financial incentives, especially when we strongly believe that such motivations could save a significantly greater number of lives. Thus, commodification should be permissible, as it would neither devalue the intrinsic worth of humanity nor be limited by the boundary of altruism. Even in a commodified system, each individual can give his or her kidney on the basis of pure altruism; the financial reward would merely be a secondary benefit to altruists. A legal commodified system would ultimately save more lives, as people would be donating for altruistic as well as financial reasons, and the system would be stringently regulated by law. This essay focused on arguments regarding a legitimate market for the commodification of kidneys as well as misconceptions about the consequences of permitting this commodification. Above, I discussed three rebuttals to anti-market arguments, all of which demonstrate that black market activities are thriving due to the lack of legitimate market regulation of human organ procurement. Fortunately, our culture of liberty places great value on individuals rational decisions; in this sense, people should be allowed to weigh the potential risks against their own propensity toward altruism. Commodification encourages such deliberation by respecting peoples decisions to seek money for their available organs, in addition to seeking spiritual reward, on the basis of rationality. Moreover, a legal financial incentive would encourage more people to donate. Saving more lives through allowing the selling of kidneys does not devalue a humans dignity any more than does our current practice of sellin g other medical services. The key to the safe and effective commodification of kidneys may ultimately depend on proper regulation of the system by law enforcement. In order to more quickly start saving more lives, we should prioritize the creation of a legal market of properly regulated commodification of kidneys instead of arguing over the possible undesirable consequences of such a market.

Srs for Bank Management

EXPERIMENT NO: 2 AIM: To document Software Requirement Specification for Dance Academy. THEORY: 1) Introduction: 1. 1) Purpose: This document gives detailed functional and non-functional requirements for Dance Academy. The purpose of this document is that the requirements mentioned in it should be utilized by software developer to implement the system. 1. 2) Scope: This system allows the bank employee to maintain a record of all the customers who have account in the bank.With the help of this system, the employee should be in a position to search the records of a particular customer, provide him detailed account information and delete and update the customer information as and when required. 1. 3) Overview: This system provides an easy solution to the bank employee to maintain customer as well as employee records and maintaining a record of all the transactions that take place. 2) General Description: This Bank Management System replaces the conventional, traditional file and record based system with the help of which a lot of paper work will be reduced.Thus the manual work of maintaining files which are subjected to physical wear and tear can be avoided. The employee must be able to view all the information of customers such as name, account number, date of birth, gender, address, initial balance. Also it must be able to record different transactions such as withdrawal, deposit or transfer of funds from one account to another. The employee can also add new staff members to the system providing them direct access to the database and thus enabling them to provide services to the users.The employee can also change his password to follow security constraints. 3) Functional Requirements: 3. 1) Description: The identity of each customer is verified and only then changes are made to the records each customer. After proper verification, the bank employee can bring proper changes to the database as per the requirements of the user. Also the system maintains an employee database thus keeping a record of all the members of bank as well as keeping the records of the transactions which take place daily. 3. 2) Technical issues: The system should be implemented in .NET. 4) Interface Requirements: 4. 1) GUI: GUI 1: The first form provides login page for the employee. GUI 2: After successful login, there are different actions that can be performed i. e. change password, sign-out, add customer, delete customer, add details, view details etc. GUI 3: For adding customers, all the required information is taken and the submit button is selected for making corresponding changes into the database. GUI 4: Once the changes are made into the database, on clicking the view details icon, the details of the customer can be obtained.GUI 5 and 6: The details of the customer can be updated with the help of form 5. A particular customer can be removed with the help of delete customer option. GUI 7,8 and 9: These forms record the different transactions such as withdrawal, deposit, transfer. 4. 2) Hardware Interface: Hardware Interface 1: The system should be embedded in each PC of the bank and in all of its branches. 4. 3) Software Interface: Software Interface 1: Bank Management System. Software Interface 2: The staff and employee database should maintain necessary records. ) Performance Requirements: The system should work concurrently on multiple computers during the working hours of bank. The system should support 50 users. 6) Design Constraints: The system should be designed in 2 months. 7) Other Non Functional Attributes: a) Security: Each employee is provided with a user ID and password to log into the system. Only then he can manipulate the database. b) Availability: The system should be available during bank working hours. c) Maintainability: There should be a facility to add or delete customers as and when required. ) Reusability: The same system must be used in every financial year. 8) Operational Scenarios: There will be an employee data base and customer database. The employee database contains personal information of all the employees. The customer database contains personal as well as account related information. 9) Preliminary Schedule: The system has to be implemented in 2 months. CONCLUSION: Thus we have documented Software Requirement Specification for Bank Management System (BMS).

The Water Systems At Bulls Creek, Wild Basin, And Mckinney...

Our study determined how detrimental pet activity is on the environment, more specifically the water systems at Bulls Creek, Wild Basin, and McKinney Falls. My hypothesis was the if there is human and pet activity near water ways, there will be an increase in algae boom and chlorophyll a concentration because bacteria body material, and feces of the dog affects the water’s health. Our results did not agree with our hypothesis because Chlorophyll a concentration was higher at McKinney Falls, where there was the most pet activity, and lower at Bulls Creek, even though pets were allowed also. Additionally, the Wild Basin, where there were no pets allowed, had samples with an unexpectedly high chlorophyll a concentration compared to the samples from Bulls Creek. Other factors including canopy cover, and urban runoff could have also altered water quality. I infer that the water quality was affected more by other factors. The two sites with about the same amount of human activity were McKinney Falls State Park and Bulls Creek. On the other hand, Wild Basin swimming is not allowed. Our results showed that the order from greatest to least amount of nitrate and phosphorous concentration was Bulls Creek, McKinney Falls, and Wild Basin at the lowest. Hence, because Bulls Creek was had the high amounts of human activity and nitrate and phosphorous levels, this relates Moreover, urban runoff highest at Bulls Creek, which has parking lots, highways, and buildings nearby, and also houses

Learn How to Say to Smoke in French

How would you say to smoke in French? If you answered with the verb  fumer, then youd be correct. Its an easy one to remember if you associate it with the English fume. It might also be helpful to know that when you need to extinguish a flame, youll use the verb  expliquer.   Conjugating the French Verb  Fumer Admittedly, French verb conjugations can be a challenge for French students. Thats because there are more words to remember since we conjugate for all the subject pronouns within each tense. Yet,  fumer  is a  regular -ER verb  and this is the most common conjugation pattern in French. This makes it a little easier if youve worked with a few verbs before. As with all conjugations, we need to identify the verb stem, which is  fum-. Then we can begin to add the many endings and form a complete sentence. For example, I smoke is je fume and we will smoke is ​nous fumerons. Study this chart and practice the forms in context to make memorization a little quicker. Subject Present Future Imperfect je fume fumerai fumais tu fumes fumeras fumais il fume fumera fumait nous fumons fumerons fumions vous fumez fumerez fumiez ils fument fumeront fumaient The Present Participle of  Fumer The  present participle  of fumer  is  fumant. Notice how this was as simple as adding -ant  to the verb stem. Its a very useful word as it can be a verb, adjective, gerund, or noun depending on the context. The Past Participle and Passà © Composà © Beyond the imperfect, another common form of the past tense smoked is the  passà © composà ©. This is formed using the  past participle  fumà ©Ã‚  along with a conjugate of the  auxiliary verb  avoir. For example, I smoked is jai fumà © while we smoked is nous avons fumà ©. More Simple  Fumer  Conjugations to Learn Those are the most important forms of  fumer  and should be the  top priority for memorization. There are more simple conjugations you may need at times and theyre used in special circumstances. For instance, in a conversation when the act of smoking is not guaranteed, the subjunctive or the conditional verb mood may be used. If you do much reading in French, you will also encounter the passà © simple. This form, as well as the imperfect subjunctive, may not be widely used, but they are good to know anyway. Subject Subjunctive Conditional Pass Simple Imperfect Subjunctive je fume fumerais fumai fumasse tu fumes fumerais fumas fumasses il fume fumerait fuma fumt nous fumions fumerions fummes fumassions vous fumiez fumeriez fumtes fumassiez ils fument fumeraient fumrent fumassent In short and direct commands and requests, we can drop the subject pronoun and simplify things in the imperative form. Rather than saying tu fume, you can just use fume. Imperative (tu) fume (nous) fumons (vous) fumez