Engineering An Essential Pillar For Industrial And...

Engineering has always been an essential pillar for industrial and technical development. Engineering is what keeps our people moving and up-to-date with technology. It is a satisfying career, both financially and mentally. The objective of this assignment is to interview a practicing Engineer who has worked or is working in the area of project management. This assignment provides a glance for future engineers into the daily routine of a professional and experienced Engineer, and the approach he/she pursued in order to arrive at the position they presently occupy. I recently interviewed Saeed Salim, a project manager at Al Barrak Electrical Contracting Company, located in United Arab Emirates, Abu Dhabi. Saeed is my dad’s friend. On†¦show more content†¦He was supervising the installation of overhead lines and high voltage substations. Everything was new for him, and he had to adapt to the various changes he encountered in U.A.E. After ten years of working in the Water and Electricity department, Saeed received another job offer in a private company named AL Barrak Electrical Contracting Company, where he was offered a project manager position, which is his current position as well. He was more comfortable working with the second company, as this opportunity allowed him to combine the technical aspects of a position with management duties. Working in Al Barrak, he is capable of designing, maintaining and developing electrical control systems and components to certain specifications, concentrating on economy, quality, and sustainability. He is involved in projects from the idea and detail of the specified design through to implementation, testing and handover. He is also involved in projects that require people in his field to work as a team. The team would usually include engineers from other specialist areas, as well as marketing staff, technicians and manufacturers. 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Data Warehouses Data Mining Free Essays

string(456) " data transformation and loading must describe the source data and any changes that were made to the data †¢ The meta-data associated with data management describes the data as it is stored in the warehouse †¢ The meta-data is required by the query manager to generate appropriate queries, also is associated with the user of queries †¢ The major integration issue is how to synchronize the various types of meta-data use throughout the data warehouse\." DATA WAREHOUSES DATA MINING Term-Paper In Management Support System [pic] Submitted By:Submitted To: Chitransh NamanAnita Ma’am A22-JK903Lecturer 10900100MSS ABSTRACT :- Collection of integrated, subject-oriented, time-variant and non-volatile data in support of managements decision making process. Described as the â€Å"single point of truth†, the â€Å"corporate memory†, the sole historical register of virtually all transactions that occur in the life of an organization. A fundamental concept of a data warehouse is the distinction between data and information. We will write a custom essay sample on Data Warehouses Data Mining or any similar topic only for you Order Now Data is composed of observable and recordable facts that are often found in operational or transactional systems. At Rutgers, these systems include the registrar’s data on students (widely known as the SRDB), human resource and payroll databases, course scheduling data, and data on financial aid. In a data warehouse environment, data only comes to have value to end-users when it is organized and presented as information. Information is an integrated collection of facts and is used as the basis for decision-making. For example, an academic unit needs to have diachronic information about its extent of instructional output of its different faculty members to gauge if it is becoming more or less reliant on part-time faculty. [pic] INTRODUCTION :- â€Å"The data warehouse is always a physically separate store of data transformed from the application data found in the operational environment†. Data entering the data warehouse comes from operational environment in almost every case. Data warehousing provides architectures and tools for business executives to syste-matically organize ,understand ,and use their data to make stragetic decisions. A large number of organizations have found that data warehouse systems are valuable tools in today’s competive,fast-evolving world. In the last several years ,many firms have spent millions of dollars in building enterprise wide data warehouses. Many people feel that with competition mounting in every industry ,data warehousing is the latest must have marketing weapon –a way to keep customers by learning more about their needs. Data warehouses have been defined in many ways,making it difficult to formulate a rigorous definition. Loosely speaking , a data warehouse refers to a database that is maintened separately from an organization,s operational databases. Data warehouse systems allow for integration of a variety of applications systems . They support information processing by providing a solid platform of consolidated historical data for analysis. Data warehousing is a more formalised methodology of these techniques. For example, many sales analysis systems and executive information systems (EIS) get their data from summary files rather then operational transaction files. The method of using summary files instead of operational data is in essence what data warehousing is allabout. Some data warehousing tools neglect the importance of modelling and building a datawarehouse and focus on the storage and retrieval of data only. These tools might havestrong analytical facilities, but lack the qualities you need to build and maintain a corporatewide data warehouse. These tools belong on the PC rather than the host. Your corporate wide (or division wide) data warehouse needs to be scalable, secure, openand, above all, suitable for publication. NEED OF DATA WAREHOUSE :- Missing data: Decision support requires historical data which operational DBs do not typically maintain Data Consolidation: DS requires consolidation (aggregation, summarization) of data from heterogeneous sources: operational DBs, external sources Data quality: Different sources typically use inconsistent data representations, codes and formats which have to be reconciled. pic] DATA WAREHOUSE ARCHITECTURE :- [pic] Components :- †¢ OPERATIONAL DATA WAREHOUSE ( for the DW is supplied from mainframe operational data held in first generation hierarchical and network databases, departmental data held in proprietary file systems, private data held on workstaions and private serves and external systems such as the Internet, commercially available DB, or DB assoicated with and organ ization’s suppliers or customers †¢ OPERATIONAL DATABASE( is a repository of current and integrated operational data used for analysis. It is often structured and supplied with data in the same way as the data warehouse, but may in fact simply act as a staging area for data to be moved into the warehouse †¢ LOAD MANAGER ( also called the frontend component, it performance all the operations associated with the extraction and loading of data into the warehouse. These operations include simple transformations of the data to prepare the data for entry into the warehouse WAREHOUSE MANAGER ( performs all the operations associated with the management of the data in the warehouse. The operations performed by this component include analysis of data to ensure consistency, transformation and merging of source data, creation of indexes and views, generation of denormalizations and aggregations, and archiving and backing-up data. †¢ QUERY MANAGER( also called backend component, it performs all the operations associated with the management of user queries. The operations performed by this component include directing queries to the appropriate tables and scheduling the execution of queries. . END-USER ACCESS TOOLS( can be categorized into five main groups: data reporting and query tools, application development tools, executive information system (EIS) tools, online analytical processing (OLAP) tools, and data mining tools. DATA MART :- It is a subset of a data warehouse that supports the requirements of particular department or business function. The characteristics that differentiate data marts and data warehouses include: †¢ a data mart focuses on only the requirements of users associated with one department or business function †¢ as data marts contain less data compared with data warehouses, data marts are more easily understood and navigated †¢ data marts do not normally contain detailed operational data, unlike data warehouse. pic] META DATA:- Metadata is about controlling the quality of data entering the data stream. Batch processes can be run to address data degradation or changes to data policy. Metadata policies are enhance by using metadata repositories. IMPORTANCE OF META DATA :- The integration of meta-data, that is †data about data† †¢ Meta-data is used for a variety of purposes and the management of it is a critical issue in achieving a fully integrated data warehouse †¢ The major purpose of meta-data is to show the pathway back to where the data began, so that the warehouse administrators know the history of any item in the warehouse †¢ The meta-data associated with data transformation and loading must describe the source data and any changes that were made to the data †¢ The meta-data associated with data management describes the data as it is stored in the warehouse †¢ The meta-data is required by the query manager to generate appropriate queries, also is associated with the user of queries †¢ The major integration issue is how to synchronize the various types of meta-data use throughout the data warehouse. You read "Data Warehouses Data Mining" in category "Essay examples" The challenge is to synchronize meta-data between different products from different vendors using different meta-data stores †¢ Two major standards for meta-data and modeling in the areas of data warehousing and component-based development-MDC(Meta Data Coalition) and OMG(Object Management Group) †¢ a data warehouse requires tools to support the adm inistration and management of such complex enviroment. †¢ for the various types of meta-data and the day-to-day operations of the data warehouse, the administration and management tools must be capable of supporting those tasks: †¢ monitoring data loading from multiple sources data quality and integrity checks †¢ managing and updating meta-data †¢ monitoring database performance to ensure efficient query response times and resource utilization. [pic] [pic] DATA WAREHOUSING PROCESSES :- The process of extracting data from source systems and bring it into the data warehouse is commonly called ELT, which stands for extraction, transformation, and loading. In addition, after the data warehouse (detailed data) is created, several data warehousing processes that are relevant to implementing and using the data warehouse are needed, which include data summarization, data warehouse maintenance. Extraction in Data Warehouse :- Extraction is the operation of extracting data from a source system for future use in a data warehouseenvironment. This is the first step of the ETL process. After extraction, data can be transformed and loaded into the data warehouse. Extraction process does not need involve complex algebraic database operations, such as join and aggregate functions. Its focus is determining which data needs to be extracted, and bring the data into the data warehouse, specifically, to the staging area. The data has to be extracted normally not only once, but several times in a periodic manner to supply all changed data to the data warehouse and keep it up-to-date. Thus, data extraction is not only used in the process of building the data warehouse, but also in the process of maintaining the data warehouse. Every often, entire documents or tables from the data sources are extracted to the data warehouse or staging area, and the data completely contain whole information from the data sources. There are two kinds of logic extraction methods in data warehousing. Full Extraction :- The data is extracted completely from the data sources. As this extraction reflects all the data currently available on the data source, there is no need to keep track of changes to the data source since the last successful extraction. The source data will be provided as-is and no additional logic information is necessary on the source site. Incremental Extraction :- At a specific point in time, only the data that has changed since a well-defined event back in history will be extracted. The event may be the last time of extraction or a more complex business event like the last sale day of a fiscal period. This information can be either provided by the source data itself, or a change table where an appropriate additional mechanism keeps track of the changes besides the originating transaction. in most case, using the latter method means adding extraction logic to the data source. For the independence of data sources, many data warehouses do not use any change-capture technique as part of the extraction process, instead, use full extraction logic. After full extracting, the entire extracted data from the data sources can be compared with the previous extracted data to identify the changed data. Unfortunately, for many source systems, identifying the recently modified data may be difficult or intrusive to the operation of the data source. Change Data Capture is typically the most challenging technical issue in data extraction. [pic] DATA MINING :- Data Mining is the process of discovering new correlations, patterns, and trends by digging into (mining) large amounts of data stored in warehouses, using artificial intelligence, statistical and mathematical techniques. Data mining can also be defined as the process of extracting knowledge hidden from large volumes of raw data i. e. he nontrivial extraction of implicit, previously unknown, and potentially useful information from data. The alternative name of Data Mining is Knowledge discovery (mining) in databases (KDD), knowledge extraction, data/pattern analysis, etc. The importan ce of collecting data thai reflect your business or scientific activities to achieve competitive advantage is widely recognized now. Powerful systems for collecting data and managing it in large databases are in place in all large and mid-range companies. [pic] How Data Mining Works :- While large-scale information technology has been evolving separate transaction and analytical systems, data mining provides the link between the two. Data mining software analyzes relationships and patterns in stored transaction data based on open-ended user queries. Several types of analytical software are available: statistical, machine learning, and neural networks. Generally, any of four types of relationships are sought: Classes: Stored data is used to locate data in predetermined groups. For example, a restaurant chain could mine customer purchase data to determine when customers visit and what they typically order. This information could be used to increase traffic by having daily specials. Clusters: Data items are grouped according to logical relationships or consumer preferences. For example, data can be mined to identify market segments or consumer affinities. Associations: Data can be mined to identify associations. The beer-diaper example is an example of associative mining. Sequential patterns: Data is mined to anticipate behavior patterns and trends. For example, an otitdoor equipment retailer could predict the likelihood of a backpack being purchased based on a consumer’s purchase of sleeping bags and hiking shoes. DATA MINING MODELS :- 1. Predictive Model Prediction a. determining how certain attributes will behave in the future Regression b. mapping of data item to real valued prediction variable Classification c. categorization of data based on combinations of attributes Time Series analysis xamining values of attributes with respect to time 2. Descriptive Model Clustering most closely data clubbed together into clusters Data Summarization extracting representative information about database Association Rules associativity defined between data items to form relationship Sequence Discovery it is used to determine sequential p atterns in data based on time sequence of action [pic] APPLICATIONS OF DATA WAREHOUSE :- Exploiting Data for Business Decisions The value of a decision support system depends on its ability to provide the decision-maker with relevant information that can be acted upon at an appropriate time. This means that the information needs to be: Applicable. The information must be current, pertinent to the field of interest and at the correct level of detail to highlight any potential issues or benefits. Conclusive. The information must be sufficient for the decision-maker to derive actions that will bring benefit to the organisation. Timely. The information must be available in a time frame that allows decisions to be effective. Decision Support through Data Warehousing One approach to creating a decision support system is to implement a data warehouse, which integrates existing sources of data with accessible data analysis techniques. An organisation’s data sources are typically departmental or functional databases that have evolved to service specific and localised requirements. Integrating such highly focussed resources for decision support at the enterprise level requires the addition of other functional capabilities: Fast query handling. Data sources are normally optimised for data storage and processing, not for their speed of response to queries. Increased data depth. Many business conclusions are based on the comparison of current data with historical data. Data sources are normally focussed on the present and so lack this depth. Business language support. The decision-maker will typically have a background in business or management, not in database programming. It is important that such a person can request information using words and not syntax. [pic] The proliferation of data warehouses is highlighted by the â€Å"customer loyalty† schemes that are now run by many leading retailers and airlines. These schemes illustrate the potential of the data warehouse for â€Å"micromarketing† and profitability calculations, but there are other applications of equal value, such as: Stock control Product category management Basket analysis Fraud analysis All of these applications offer a direct payback to the customer by facilitating the identification of areas that require attention. This payback, especially in the fields of fraud analysis and stock control, can be of high and immediate value. APPLICATIONS OF DATA MINING:- †¢ Banking: loan/credit card approval †¢ predict good customers based on old customers †¢ Customer relationship management: identify those who are likely to leave for a competitor. †¢ Targeted marketing: †¢ identify likely responders to promotions †¢ Fraud detection: telecommunica tions, financial transactions †¢ from an online stream of event identify fraudulent events †¢ Manufacturing and production: †¢ automatically adjust knobs when process parameter changes †¢ Medicine: disease outcome, effectiveness of treatments †¢ analyze patient disease history: find relationship between diseases †¢ Molecular/Pharmaceutical: †¢ identify new drugs †¢ Scientific data analysis: †¢ identify new galaxies by searching for sub clusters †¢ Web site/store design and promotion: find affinity of visitor to pages and modify layout. [pic] CONCLUSION :- What we are seeing is two-fold depending on the retailer’s strategy: 1) Most retailers build data warehouses to target specific markets and customer segments. They’re trying to know their customers. It all starts with CDI – customer data integration. By starting with CDI, the retailers can build the DW around the customer. 2) On the other side — there are retailers who have no idea who their customers are, or feel they don’t need to†¦. the world is their customer and low prices will keep the worldloyal. They use their data warehouse to control inventory and negotiate with suppliers. The future will bring real time data warehouse updates†¦with the ability to give the retailer an minute to minute view of what is going on in a retail location†¦and take action either manually or through a condition triggered by the data warehouse data†¦ The future belongs to those who: 1) Possess knowledge of the Customer and 2) Effectively use that knowledge†¦ REFERENCES :- 1. Mining interesting knowledge from weblogs: a survey – Federico Michele Facca, Pier Luca lanzi. http://software. techrepublic. com. com/abstract. aspx http://en. wikipedia. org/ http://msdn. microsoft. com/ Google Books Google Images Google Search www. seminarprojects. com Self ========================================================= How to cite Data Warehouses Data Mining, Essay examples

Watershed for Commonwealth Appropriation

Question: Discuss about the Watershed for Commonwealth Appropriation. Answer: Introduction: Bryan Pape who was a barrister and law lecturer was a plaintiff in this case representing himself. The case was in relation to the validity of Tax Bonus with respect to the Working Australian Act (No 2) 2009 as per the constitution. The legislation had the aim to provide up to $900 to tax payers who paid tax in one go. The case was decided by the high court on the 3rd day of April 2009. The plaintiff had challenged the provisions of the legislation based on the claim that the bonus provided through the legislation were not backed up the the powers of taxation according to the constitution and were actually a gift. Against the claim of the plaintiff it was argued by the defendant common wealth that the provisions of the legislation were backed up by Section 81 of the constitution, external affairs powers Section 51 (xxix), implied neighborhood power, trade and commerce power Section 51(i) and taxation power Section 51 (ii). Can the court grant relief to the plaintiff claimed by him in his statement of claim and writ of summons. The validity of the Tax Bonus Act because of its being backed by one or more implied or expressed sections of legislative powers with respect to the Australian constitution. The validity of the tax bonus which the plaintiff is eligible for with respect to appropriation under Subsection 83 and 81 of the Australian constitution On whom the burden of cost in relation to the special case should lie. With respect to the first and primary issue in relation to the case it was provided by the defendant commonwealth that the plaintiff in this case does not have adequate sufficient interest to provide arguments against the application of the Bonus Act against the other person. The submission of the defendant was rejected by all the members of the court. the court provided that the validity of the bonus pay would be binding in case of disputes which arise out of such payments in the future and if the tax bonus with respect to the plaintiff was invalid than the total tax bonus package should have been invalid. The court based on the fact that the legislation was as inseverable whole and the doctrine of president ruled that the plaintiff has the right to challenge all provisions of the legislation with respect to his complaint. The court ruled that the claim made by the plaintiff was a novel claim and in case he would succeed than it would be against his financial interest. Thus the cour t ruled that the answer to the first issue of the case is Yes. With respect to the second question in relation to constitutionality, appropriation powers with respect to Section 81 of the constitution provides that one consolidate revenue fund shall be formed with the moneys and revenue received or raised by the Executive government and shall be used according to the objectives of the commonwealth with respect to the liabilities and charges imposed by the constitution. It has further been provided by Section 83 of the constitution that the government is not allowed to take out any money from the commonwealth fund unless it has been sanctioned by a law. It had been argued by the commonwealth that it has been granted with powers to make legal provisions with respect to money through section 81. It was provided by commonwealth that according to section 83 purposes of the commonwealth meant the appropriate purpose as wished by the parliament and therefore the parliament had unlimited power to make laws in relation to money. The contention made by the defendant with respect to Section 81 of the constitution was rejected by the court. It was held by the court after analyzing the Section and the judgments of the previous courts on it that appropriation or spending powers were not consistent within their character. The analysis was done by the court not giving relevance to the other decisions of the court in relation to the section. The court ruled that money expenditure made by the commonwealth was required to be made either under executive powers of the common wealth or by provision in relation to the legislative power of the commonwealth. Thus, Section 81 and 83 do not support the money spent by the common wealth in this case. Under the executive powers the court held that the legislation in relation to the bonus was made within the powers of the parliament as it has been backed up by Section (XXXIX) of the constitution along with Section 61 dealing with executive powers. Therefore the answer to the second issue of the case was Yes. In Obiter, the majority of the judges ruled that the bonus act did not have enough evidence to be supported by taxation power. The next question before the court was the existence of appropriation. It has been provided by the plaintiff that the act was not valid under Section 83 of the Constitution. The court contrary to the claim provided that an appropriation by law existed. The decision was made by the court based on Section 16 of the Taxation Administration Act 1953. The court also considered section 3 of the Bonus Act according to which it could be made a taxation law. Concluding the finding the court ruled that section 81 and 83 themselves do not provide authority of expenditure instead they allow expenditure of government fund to be allowed by the parliament. Therefore the answer to the third issue was yes. The court in relation to the fourth issue ruled that both parties will bear their own cost. The decision of the court has changed the way in which powers provided by the constitution in relation to the commonwealth are interpreted. The decision is set to change the way in which the government works in relation to expenditure of government funds. The case has not been directly used in any other case yet but is provisions work as guidelines for judges to interpret the powers of the government. References Chordia, Shipra, Andrew Lynch, and George Williams. "Williams v. Commonwealth [No 2]-Commonwealth Executive Power and Spending after Williams [No 2]."Melb. UL Rev.39 (2015): 306. Chordia, Shipra, Andrew Lynch, and George Williams. "Williams v. Commonwealth: Commonwealth Executive Power and Australian Federalism."Melb. UL Rev.37 (2013): 189. Hemming, Andrew. "Williams v Commonwealth: Much Ado about Nothing."U. Queensland LJ33 (2014): 233. Hogg, Melissa, and Charles Lawson. "The Watershed for Commonwealth Appropriation and Spending after Pape and Williams?." (2014). Lynch, Andrew. "Commonwealth Spending After Williams (No 2): Has the New Dawn Risen?." (2015). Olds, Michael.The stream cannot rise above its source: The principle of responsible government informing a limit on the ambit of the Executive Power of the Commonwealth. Diss. Murdoch University, 2016. Twomey, Anne. "Post-Williams Expenditure-When Can the Commonwealth and States Spend Public Money without Parliamentary Authorisation."U. Queensland LJ33 (2014): 9.

Siemens Teamcenter

Executive Summary Efficiency is of critical importance in business operation. It is only through efficient operations that a business organization assures profits and value for customers money. In the course of trying to look for means of making work easier through improving working efficiency, many companies have found project management tools very useful.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Siemens Teamcenter specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More These tools are intended to provide organizations with improved working efficiencies while maximizing production and business output. Project management tools also help towards bringing to manageable levels the overall cost of producing goods and services. One such project management tool that is becoming popular is the Teamcenter. Teamcenter is a software program hosted by Siemens that has proved very helpful when it comes to improving business performance. This report presen ts findings from a research carried out on the teamcenter as a new technology that improves business operational efficiency. The research focused on and thus the report highlights the strength and weakness of the teamcenter as a tool. Consequently, the report further looks into ways of dealing with the outlined weakness inherent in the teamcenter. In equal measure, the report highlights how the strengths of the teamcenter can be accentuated to accord an organization maximum benefit. From the research done, the teamcenter has not fared badly and in fact, it has gained enormous popularity with many clients. The ability of the program to help people working on the same project to collaborate is among the reason why Teamcenter has gained such support from many clients. The other quality popularizing the software is the potentiality of the program to integrate with other programs from other companies. Given the program’s compatibility with programs developed by other companies, it has proved to be very cost effective. Above all else, the critical attribute of the software is its ability to improve the working efficiency, which in turn improves business performance. This capacity has attracted many businesspersons to using the program. Those who have tried it greatly appreciate and many acclaim it as the perfect solution to business operations streamlining. Introduction Of late, the world has turned its attention to information and communication technology as a way of helping improve the working conditions and at the same time making work simpler. With the increasing interest in simplifying and integrating the business operations across the world, project management tools have come in handy for many business organizations. These tools are intended to provide organizations with improved working efficiencies, maximize productions and business productivity as well as bringing to manageable level the overall cost of producing goods and services.Advertising L ooking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Programs such as Microsoft projects Prowork Flow and Siemens Teamwork are some of the various programs that business organizations are using to improve their business operations. Different IT tools have different features and capacity. However, although the programs are different in the way they handle operations, the result is that they all organizations towards being able to achieve better results. Teamcenter is reputed for making work easier and consequently achieving better results in the organizations that deploy it. There are many ways in which teamcenter impacts on business operations. The most critical ones are as follows:- Individual and Team Productivity: Do More in Less Time Regardless of where an individual is operating from in the world, Teamcenter will always assist you to perform job in a better way (CIMdata, 2010).. With Teamcenter 8, which ac tually is the second most important release of the combined Teamcenter platform, one can access information speedily in the context he or she require it. Teamcenter equally offers live incorporation with Microsoft office, together with word, PowerPoint and access (CIMdata, 2010). It has been noted that this release of Teamcenter is an invention of many years of research as well as continuous improvements made to the Teamcenter Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) software (CIMdata, 2010). Application Productivity: Make the most of End-to-End PLM As discussed on CIMdata (2010), Teamcenter 8 comprises of hundreds of new features and assortments. Consequently, with Teamcenter 8, an individual is able to initiate new solutions for content and document administration. Teamcenter turns on the right submission when you require it (CIMdata, 2010). This capacity results from the Teamcenter’s incorporated structural design, which makes it ideal to drive any company’s application e fficiency. IT Based Advantage Teamcenter is project management tool that one can easily customize to suit organizational needs (CIMdata, 2010). This tool is useful for organizations that work on internet business platforms. It provides ways through which one can consolidated different internet sites into one manageable platform. Many improvements have been done to Teamcenter and thus making its usage a memorable experience among those who may happen to work on or with it (Cable, 2009). The current release by Teamcenter according to Cable (2009), just entails what many companies may appreciate, in recognition of enabling them meet the ever-increasing demand for efficiency and simplification of task in business operations. The improved efficiency should as well be understood to largely translate into reduced operation costs. With regard to Teamcenter 8, Cable (2009) notes that being the second most important release of the unified Teamcenter, the program has been a result of many year s of research.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Siemens Teamcenter specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Many clients in the process have made a move from the older to the newer versions of Teamcenter. As per research done by Cable (2009), it was discovered that most clients were contended with smooth transition from the older to the newer version. The company was equally found to be using high quality technology in all their releases, an attribute that made its products such appealing. According to Europa Science (2011), Teamcenter products such as Express Version 5.3 contentedly combine with Microsoft products as well as Adobe acrobat Software. This proves that the Teamcenter can equally be used together with products from other companies that they may work together and hence reduce the extra cost incurred in purchasing different equipments. Currently Siemens PLM has released Teamcenter mobility, which is a mobile connection tool for use with products from other companies; for example, the tool enables use with products such as the Apple iPod (CIMdata, 2010). The tool is available promptly at no cost and in paid version, with the free version having more features but permitting admission only to a section Teamcenter installation hosted by Siemens (CIMdata, 2010). This release has made Siemens appear to lead the way in showing how much can be attained with production lifecycle management technology (Newton, 2011). Newton (2011), shows that Teamcenter Mobility has many revolutionary features and thus by using Teamcenter, clients are able to augment efficiency and cut down on cost. Gourlay (2009) explains some main features of Teamcenter and highlights how it incorporate with other accessible programs used for the same rationale of improving work effectiveness. Gourlay (2009) goes further to provide a designation for Teamcenter noting that it’s a production lifecycle management (PLM) soft ware that has been developed to permit better performance. The use of this software according to the author will lead to great reduction in operation costs because effectiveness in operation will be emphasized. Levine (2009), on the other hand, comes up with another definition of Teamcenter, where he describe it as a management device that can be functional in any assortment of work circumstances to realize improved output from a team of collaborators. The author further notes that managers too can make use of this tool to ease business processes as well as improving the level of competence and efficiency. Being a powerful tool, the software can be used by anyone who may wish to have all business connected information in one place and thus considered suitable for big and well-established business.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The release of Teamcenter 2007 heralded development of some key features that were not initially included in the previous versions (Siemens, 2008). Other key design functionalities highlighted by Siemens include, preparation for necessities as well as for the implementation of development management assignment. SlideShare (2011) highlights the main features of Teamcenter that can assist to make better the aspect of collaboration. This is owing to the fact that Teamcenter can be used to give assurance of better collaboration amongst team members working on the same project. There is also the mention of how Teamcenter as a program can be used together with other available software for improved efficiency and better output. World chief Mechanical seals experts AESSEAL have honored a contract to Majenta PLM the foremost Siemens Industry software business associate in Europe (TenLinks, 2011). The contract is intended to make available and put into practice multi –site license of t he Siemens Teamcenter product lifecycle management (TenLinks, 2011). Ultimately, Teamcenter will be used to run all product-connected information across all AESSEAL sites around the globe. AESSEAL membership agrees that there is no better project cycle management tool than Teamcenter. They had already implemented other systems but having learnt about Teamcenter, they concede that it offers a more comprehensive platform, which best supports global business operations (TenLinks, 2011). This management system is intended to reduce the cost of operating business. AESSEAL established Teamcenter as the best management system, which had the capability of enabling AESSEAL to unite and integrate product information and business development within a combined IT environment that is accessible to all, no matter where they are actually situated within the AESSEAL community (TenLinks, 2011). Among the reimbursements that AESSEAL anticipates achieving from the execution of Teamcenter are reduced p roduct developments and enhanced cost control. The objects are achievable through superior and easier admittance to state-of-the-art product information and through rationalized product development and business progression (TenLinks, 2011). Information Analysis From the above information, some conclusive analysis of the finding can be carried out. It is without doubt that Teamcenter has had quite a success in delivering what was expected. From the original goal of cutting the operation cost to improving the business performance, the program has been quite successful. Similarly, the program has attracted quite a lot of interest from managers of well-established business organization and ordinary persons. This is because the program has been found to fulfill the need of each particular client that intended to acquire the services of the program. The managers for example can obtain business related information from one place while using the Teamcenter; while a common person can as well integrate the program with Apple I pad and correspondingly enjoy the services he wishes to get. Another inference that can be derived from the research findings is that Siemens uses high quality technology to come up with the program. This is attributed to the fact that the program comfortably integrates with other programs made by different companies but which likewise perform the same task. Such programs are the Microsoft work, prowork flow, among others (Microsoft Corporation, 2010). This clearly gives the impression that the program is quite effective in cutting down the operation cost as this act of integrating with other programs simply implies that one will not be required to have an extra equipment to enjoy the same service. On the other hand, there are still some improvements that the company is required to come up with in order to cut a big share of the market. These improvements may not be instantaneous but may in the end be of much assistance to the company. Through ext ensive research this improvements are very possible to achieve. Recommendations From the report information provided above there are a number of recommendations that one can propose to the management of Siemens. First, Siemens as a company needs to creatively generate ways of taking advantage of the high demand of Teamcenter in order to boost it revenue through increased sales of the program to the people. Creative marketing to the product could help make it accessible and demanded by more individual across the globe. Therefore, it is recommendable that teamcenter is marketed in order to increase its demand and ultimately raise the revenue of the company. Finally, the program is supposed to be made using the state –of –art technology, which will make it more compatible with many other programs from other companies and in the process increase its demand and consequently its revenue potential. Conclusion This report presents findings on Teamcenter, which is project manag ement software. Like many other project management tools, Teamcenter helps simplify business operations. Additionally, the software by simplifying operations thus improving efficiently, it helps towards cutting down the cost of operations. From findings presented in this report, it is obvious that Teamcenter has had success in the market. Reference List Cable, J. (2009). Teamcenter 8 Aims to Drive PLM Productivity. New York: Penton Media, Inc. Retrieved from http://www.industryweek.com/articles/teamcenter_8_aims_to_drive_plm_produc tivity_19589.aspx?ShowAll=1SectionID=4. CIMdata. (2010). Teamcenter â€Å"Unified†: Siemens PLM Software’s Next Generation PLM Platform – A New White Paper from CIMdata. Michigan: CIMdata, Inc. Retrieved from: http://www.cimdata.com/news_events/press_release.html?press_release_ID=6 Europa Science. (2011). Teamcenter Express V5.3. UK: Europa Science. Retrieved from: http://www.scientific- computing.com/products/product_details.php?pr oduct_id=945. Gourlay, J. (2009). Siemens PLM Launches Teamcenter 8, Tecnomatix 9, Joins IBM in Offering PLM Solution. New Hampshire: Desktop Engineering. Retrieved from http://www.deskeng.com/articles/aaarnm.htm. Levine, R. R. (2009) Review of Siemens Teamcenter. New York: Bright Hub Inc. Retrieved from: http://www.brighthub.com/office/project- management/reviews/15495.aspx. Microsoft Corporation. (2010). High Availability Options for Siemens Teamcenter on SQL Server. Redmond, WA USA: Microsoft Corporation. Retrieved from: http://download.microsoft.com/download/6/D/A/6DAFDB58-8198- 49F3-B44F 67036C436567/High%20Availability%20Options%20for%20TeamCenter%20with %20SQL%20Server.pdf. Newton, R. (2011). Siemens PLM launches Teamcenter Mobility for iPad. Vancouver: Graphics peak. Retrieved from : http://gfxspeak.com/2011/04/05/siemens-plm-launches-teamcenter-mobility-for- ipad/. Siemens. (2008). Teamcenter Review by Desktop Engineering Lauds â€Å"Bulletproof PLM†. Plano, New Yor k: Siemens PLM Software. Retrieved from: http://www.imakenews.com/ugscorp/e_article001068745.cfm?x=b11,0,w. SlideShare. (2011). Siemens Teamcenter Express software – Presentation Transcript. Detroit: SlideShare Inc. Retrieved from: http://www.slideshare.net/guest8371da27d/siemens-teamcenter-express. TenLinks. (2011). Majenta Gets Siemens Teamcenter to UK’s AESSEAL. Novato, CA: TenLinks, Inc. Retrieved from: http://www.tenlinks.com/news/PR/MajentaPLM/040411_AESSEAL.htm. This report on Siemens Teamcenter was written and submitted by user Frankenstein'sMonster to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Agamemnon and Beowulf essays

Agamemnon and Beowulf essays We should point out from the very beginning that both Agamemnon and Beowulf, as literary works are marked throughout the text by the powerful, decisive personality of the two main characters. In this sense, deciding whether it is one or the other that is a better guide for living will need to partially relate to whether one or the other of the two characters has a better perspective of life, a better approach in finding solutions to the problems that may arise in his path and a better vision of the future actions. Aeschyluss play presents an obviously tragic setting. We are first of all confused by the extreme cautiousness that Agamemnon is walking with in his own home. Obviously, the playwright is working with all characters and all lines in order to emphasize this feeling of non-trust that is present in the palace. Starting with Clytemnestra, all characters seem to be a part of a ploy against the returning and to plot schemes in order to bring his downfall. Obviously, the entire sentiment that is built in the first acts is justified: Clytemnestra murders Agamemnon in the bathtub and Aegisthus, the queens lover can take part of the merits for the murders. Aeschyluss play, just as the main character, Agamemnon, draws a very bleak perspective and approach to life. The playwright creates an environment of distrust and extreme precautions to be taken even into your own home. Additionally, the tragic dimension of life is opened here, the futility of all things. If we think, for example, of the fact that Agamemnon was in fact a glorious victor and defeater of Troy, we might believe that the way he is received back at home is tragic if it would have happened in everyday life. Indeed, in life, you usually expect to receive all merits for a success, while in is play, success is paid for with murder, dishonesty and treachery. A last thing we should relate from the play and character ...

Informacin detallada sobre el examen de ciudadana

Informacin detallada sobre el examen de ciudadana El examen de la ciudadanà ­a es el tercer paso paso convertirse en ciudadano estadounidense. Se inicia el proceso con el envà ­o al Servicio de Naturalizacià ³n e Inmigracià ³n (USCIS, siglas en inglà ©s) del formulario N-400 y el pago de las tasas correspondientes. En aproximadamente uno o dos meses, se recibe una cita para realizar las pruebas biomà ©tricas. Y unos cinco meses despuà ©s de haber iniciado el proceso, se cita al inmigrante para un examen. Entrevista para el examen para la naturalizacià ³n Se mantendr una conversacià ³n en inglà ©s con un oficial de inmigracià ³n sobre la aplicacià ³n enviada.Se recomienda llegar con tiempo a la entrevista. Al ser en un edificio federal, habr seguridad a la entrada y el proceso puede demorarse bastante tiempo. Si no puedes acudir a la cita con Inmigracià ³n por una causa grave, puedes intentar cambiar el dà ­a. Examen de inglà ©s El examen de ciudadanà ­a sobre conocimientos de inglà ©s tiene tres partes. La primera consiste en hablar en ese idioma con el oficial de inmigracià ³n que est manejando el caso. Es una conversacià ³n sencilla y el inglà ©s no tiene que ser perfecto, pero debe reconocerse como inglà ©s y ser suficiente como para comunicarse. En la segunda parte hay que demostrar que se puede leer en inglà ©s. Al inmigrante se le presenta un prrafo con tres frases en inglà ©s y debe ser capaz de leer al menos una. Cada frase es aproximadamente una là ­nea de larga. En la tercera parte, el oficial dictar una frase en inglà ©s que repetir hasta tres veces. Ejemplos reales son I love New York y America is the land of the free. Si el inmigrante no la escribe correctamente, se le dictarn dos frases ms. Si no es capaz de escribir correctamente ninguna de ellas, reprobar esta prueba. Se puede practicar este examen con ejemplos preparados por el USCIS o asistiendo a clases gratuitas para el examen de naturalizacià ³n que impartes diversas organizaciones en todo Estados Unidos. Existen dos excepciones a la obligacià ³n de hacer esta prueba. En primer lugar, estar exentas las personas que no està ©n en condiciones de realizar esta prueba por cuestiones de discapacidad fà ­sica o mental. Para beneficiarse de la excepcià ³n, estas personas debern presentar el formulario N-648 debidamente cumplimentado por un mà ©dico. En segundo lugar, si se reà ºnen los requisitos, no es necesario rendir el examen de inglà ©s y es posible responder en espaà ±ol a las preguntas sobre conocimientos cà ­vicos. Examen de ciudadanà ­a de conocimientos cà ­vicos Se trata de demostrar que el aspirante a ciudadano conoce mà ­nimamente la historia y la estructura polà ­tica de Estados Unidos. El USCIS ha confeccionado una lista de cien preguntas y el oficial de inmigracià ³n puede elegir diez de ellas y preguntrselas al inmigrante, quien deber contestar en inglà ©s correctamente un mà ­nimo de seis para pasar la prueba. Existen excepciones que pueden consultarse en el enlace anterior en el que se explica que no es necesario rendir el examen de inglà ©s. Ejemplo de pregunta tà ­pica del examen de ciudadanà ­a es: ¿cul es la capital del estado en el que vive? (Hay 50 posibles respuestas, depende de donde viva el inmigrante. Por ejemplo, en Nueva York la respuesta es Albany, en California es Sacramento y en Florida es Tallahassee. Esta es una pregunta donde los inmigrantes se equivocan frecuentemente ya que tienden a pensar que la ciudad ms grande del estado, como Ciudad de Nueva York, Los ngeles o Miami es la capital, y no siempre es asà ­. Una lista completa de las 100 preguntas y sus respuestas correctas puede ser consultada aquà ­. Recuerde que alguna de las preguntas puede tener varias respuestas vlidas. Lo mejor y recomendable es estudiar las respuestas preparadas por el USCIS y contestar una de ellas. Retrasos en la tramitacià ³n Si el USCIS se retrasa injustificadamente ms tiempo de lo que es habitual para este tipo de trmites entonces es posible demandar mediante un writ of madamus. Para ello es aconsejable siempre consultar con un abogado. Reprobar   Si no se pasa alguna de las tres pruebas -conversacià ³n, examen de inglà ©s o examen cà ­vico- el inmigrante tendr la oportunidad de intentarlo de nuevo, sà ³lo una vez ms, en un plazo mximo de tres meses. Denegacià ³n de la solicitud Si el rechazo fue porque la persona reprobà ³ el examen de inglà ©s o el de conocimientos cà ­vicos, una vez que crea que est preparado puede aplicar otra vez. Deber reiniciar todo el proceso desde cero, rellenando el formulario N-400, pagando las tasas y volviendo a realizar las pruebas biomà ©tricas de fotos y huellas digitales. Tips La entrevista y el examen en una sede del USCIS son frecuentemente grabados en una cmara de video. Eso quiere decir que siempre hay rà ©cord de las respuestas. Nunca se recomienda mentir a un oficial de inmigracià ³n, pero especialmente en estos casos. Ya que una mentira, de la que queda prueba grabada, podrà ­a anular en el futuro todo el proceso de naturalizacià ³n. Una vez finalizada la entrevista el inmigrante recibir un papel. En unas pocas ocasiones ya se le confirma que ha pasado el examen y que todo est listo para el juramento de la ciudadanà ­a. Pero lo ms frecuente es que simplemente diga que recibir por correo una respuesta. Si cambia de domicilio, recuerde que es su obligacià ³n notificarlo al USCIS. Es muy importante durante el proceso de naturalizacià ³n que las comunicaciones se reciban a tiempo. En la mayorà ­a de los casos en un plazo inferior a un mes se recibir una cita para ir a jurar. Ese papel contiene una serie de preguntas como si se ha salido del paà ­s desde la entrevista en Inmigracià ³n, si ha cambiado el estado civil por matrimonio, viudez o divorcio, si se ha cambiado el nombre o si se ha cometido algà ºn delito. Deber cumplimentarse y es muy importante llevarlo el dà ­a del juramento para convertirse en ciudadano. Una vez que se jura lealtad y fidelidad a los Estados Unidos se recibir un certificado de Naturalizacià ³n que no se puede ni enmarcar ni grapar y ya se puede solicitar por primera vez el pasaporte de EEUU. A partir del momento de la naturalizacià ³n el nuevo ciudadano nunca podr utilizar el pasaporte del paà ­s en el que nacià ³ para entrar o salir de Estados Unidos. Est absolutamente prohibido. Asimismo, a partir de momento en que se convierte en ciudadano puede registrarse para votar inmediatamente, sin tener que esperar a solicitar el pasaporte estadounidense. Por à ºltimo, cabe destacar que cuando una persona se convierte en ciudadano, automticamente convierte en ciudadanos a sus hijos residentes permanentes menores de 18 aà ±os que viven con à ©l o ella. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.

Cost Accounting and the objectives Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Cost Accounting and the objectives - Essay Example Relevant revenues/costs show future costs/revenues that will change by the decision taken while irrelevant costs/revenues are not affected by the decision. Inclusion of both quantitative and qualitative data ensures that an informed decision is made. This is because it ensures that all factors are taken into consideration. Short run pricing decisions has a less than one year time horizon while long-run pricing decisions have a year or longer time horizon. Example of short-run pricing decision is pricing a one-time only special order or adjusting output volume and product mix. A long run pricing decision includes pricing of a product in a major market where there is some leeway in price setting. Target pricing refers to an estimated price for a good or a service that prospective buyers will be willing to pay. The balanced scorecard is a strategic planning as well as management technique used by organizations in aligning the performance of an organization to its objectives and vision. It has four perspectives namely, financial perspective, customer perspective, learning and growth perspective and business process perspective. Financial perspective learning and growth perspective measures employee retention, knowledge management and employee satisfaction. Business process perspective measures costs and quality of business processes. Customer perspective requires that customers be satisfied, retained to increase the company market share. Financial perspective advocates timely and accurate financial data. A cost pool refers to a grouping of individual expenses or costs, regularly by division or a service center. It is from such cost pool that allocation of costs is made. For instance, the maintenance department cost is accumulated in a cost pool before allocated to the departments that use its services. Cost pools are normally utilized for the production